KIAN JOURNAL

Structured Self-Care for Sleep Disturbance in a Menopausal Woman: A Case Report

2026-09-09T17:17:17+08:00

Introduction: Menopause is associated with physiological and psychological changes that may contribute to sleep disturbances and affect women’s daily functioning. Structured self-care may provide a practical nursing approach to support women in managing menopausal symptoms and developing healthier daily behaviors. Objective: This case report aimed to describe the implementation of a structured self-care intervention and the associated changes in self-care practices and sleep quality in a menopausal woman experiencing sleep disturbance. Method: A descriptive case report was conducted involving a 51-year-old woman who had experienced menopause for approximately two years and reported difficulty initiating sleep, frequent nighttime awakenings, nonrestorative sleep, daytime fatigue, and excessive daytime sleepiness. The intervention was implemented over four weeks in the patient’s home and consisted of menopause and self-care education, sleep hygiene, slow deep-breathing relaxation, light physical activity, healthy dietary practices, adequate fluid intake, stress management, regular monitoring, and family support. Self-care practices were assessed was assessed using the Menopausal Self-Care Questionnaire (MSCQ), and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Result: During the four-week intervention period, the patient demonstrated increased self-care practices and improved sleep-related outcomes. The MSCQ score increased from 85 at baseline to 168 at the final assessment, while the PSQI score decreased from 12 to 4. The patient also reported reduced difficulty initiating sleep, fewer nighttime awakenings, decreased daytime fatigue and sleepiness, and feeling more refreshed upon waking. Conclusion: The four-week structured self-care intervention coincided with improvements in self-care ability and sleep quality in this individual case. However, the observed changes cannot be attributed solely to the intervention because the report involved one patient without a comparison group

The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Smoking Behavior Among Adolescents in Families with Working Parents

2026-09-09T17:12:49+08:00

Introduction: Smoking behavior among adolescents remains a public health concern and may be influenced by family, peer, and social environmental factors. Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by identity formation and increased susceptibility to external influences. In families where both parents are employed, limited time for supervision and interaction may affect parenting practices and adolescent behavior. Therefore, examining the relationship between parenting styles and smoking behavior is important to support effective family-based prevention strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting styles among working parents and smoking behavior among adolescents at one of high school in North Minahasa.

Method: This study employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design and cross-sectional method. The participants were 191 students selected using total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires measuring parenting styles and adolescent smoking behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation test.

Result: The findings showed that neglectful parenting was the most dominant parenting style (40.84%). Most respondents reported that they did not smoke (63.4%), while 36.6% reported smoking behavior. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between parenting styles and smoking behavior among adolescents (p =<0.000; r = 0.416). The moderate positive correlation indicates that less appropriate parenting patterns were associated with a higher tendency toward smoking behavior among adolescents.

Conclusion: Parenting style is significantly associated with smoking behavior among adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of parental involvement, supervision, communication, and emotional support, particularly in families with working parents. Parents are encouraged to maintain active involvement in their adolescents’ lives despite work-related responsibilities as part of efforts to prevent smoking behavior

Butterfly Hug and Music Therapy for Preoperative Anxiety in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Patients: A Case Study

2026-09-09T17:22:27+08:00

Introduction: Preoperative anxiety is commonly experienced by patients undergoing surgery and may be related to concerns about anesthesia, surgical outcomes, postoperative pain, and possible complications. Non-pharmacological nursing interventions such as the Butterfly Hug technique and music therapy may provide relaxation and emotional support before surgery.

Objective: This case study aimed to describe the application of a combination of the Butterfly Hug technique and music therapy and the observed changes in preoperative anxiety among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Method: A descriptive case study was conducted in the Central Operating Theater of Surakarta Central General Hospital. Three male patients with BPH who were scheduled for TURP under spinal anesthesia and experienced preoperative anxiety were selected purposively. Anxiety was assessed before and after a single 10–15-minute session using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, and observable behavioral responses were also documented.

Result: APAIS scores decreased in all three cases. Mr. J's score decreased from 24 to 14, Mr. S's from 23 to 15, and Mr. H's from 22 to 12. Before the intervention, all three patients were categorized as having severe anxiety. After the intervention, two patients were categorized as having moderate anxiety and one as having mild anxiety. The patients also appeared calmer, showed less facial tension, maintained better eye contact, and asked fewer repeated questions about the procedure. Conclusion: The combination of the Butterfly Hug technique and music therapy was associated with an observed reduction in preoperative anxiety across the three cases. These preliminary findings suggest that the combination may be a feasible non-pharmacological nursing approach for supporting patients with preoperative anxiety; however, the findings cannot establish a causal effect and are not generalizable beyond the cases presented

Application of Blanket Warmer to Increase Body Temperature in Post-Cesarean Hypothermia: A Case Study

2026-09-09T17:10:49+08:00

Introduction: Postoperative hypothermia is a common complication caused by the effects of anesthesia, low operating room temperature, and impaired thermoregulation. Untreated hypothermia may increase the risk of shivering, bleeding, surgical site infection, delayed wound healing, and prolonged recovery. One of the non-pharmacological nursing interventions used to manage postoperative hypothermia is the application of a blanket warmer.

Objective: To describe the application of a blanket warmer in increasing body temperature among postoperative hypothermic patients in the recovery room of the Central Surgical Installation.

Method: This Final Nursing Scientific Project employed a descriptive case study, without a comparison group, involving three postoperative patients with hypothermia in the recovery room. A blanket warmer set at 38°C was applied for 20 minutes. Body temperature was measured before and after the intervention using a digital thermometer, and changes in body temperature were evaluated.

Result: All patients showed an increase in body temperature following the intervention, from 35.0°C to 36.1°C in the first case, from 33.6°C to 35.8°C in the second case, and from 35.2°C to 36.0°C in the third case. All patients also reported reduced shivering and cold sensation, resulting in improved comfort during recovery.

Conclusion: The application of a blanket warmer for 20 minutes was associated with an increase in body temperature and a reduction in shivering and cold sensation among the postoperative hypothermic patients observed. As this descriptive case study did not include a comparison group, these findings are preliminary; controlled studies with larger samples are needed before the intervention can be recommended as standard practice

Red Ginger Gummy Candy as a Stunting Prevention Strategy in Children Under Five

2026-09-24T19:14:43+08:00

Introduction: Stunting is a major public health problem that affects the growth and development of children under five. Functional foods in child-friendly forms may provide an alternative nutritional approach to support linear growth and stunting prevention.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of red ginger extract gummy candy as a functional food to support linear growth and stunting prevention among children under five.

Method: This quasi-experimental study used intervention and control groups. Children in the intervention group received red ginger extract gummy candy, while those in the control group received a placebo for one month. Changes in height and weight were assessed before and after the intervention.

Result: The Shapiro–Wilk test showed that the anthropometric data were not normally distributed (p<0.05). In the intervention group, height increased significantly after the intervention (p=0.005), whereas the change in body weight was not statistically significant (p=0.161). In the control group, neither body weight (p=0.138) nor height (p=0.059) showed statistically significant changes. However, the Mann–Whitney U test showed no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in changes in body weight (p=0.970) or height (p=0.701)..

Conslusion: Red ginger gummy candy was associated with a significant increase in height within the intervention group, but the change was not significantly different from the control group. Further studies with larger samples and longer interventions are needed to determine its potential in supporting linear growth.