Optimalisasi Kepatuhan Puasa Praoperasi melalui Aspiration Simulation Device dalam Pencegahan Aspirasi Perianestesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56359/kolaborasi.v6i5.1056Kata Kunci:
aspiration, aspiration Simulation Device, patient adherence, education, preoperative fastingAbstrak
Introduction: Inadequate preoperative fasting increases the risk of peri-anaesthetic pulmonary aspiration and may lead to surgery postponement or serious respiratory complications. Conventional verbal instruction may not adequately explain the mechanism and consequences of aspiration.
Objective: This community service aimed to optimize knowledge and adherence to preoperative fasting through multimodal education using an Aspiration Simulation Device (ASD) at RSU Jatiwinangun Purwokerto.
Method: The activity was conducted from 6 to 30 June 2026 after institutional permission and involved 30 adults scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Participants received an ASD demonstration, video and leaflet-supported education, discussion, and evaluation using a 10-item pretest-posttest questionnaire and fasting-adherence checklist. Data were summarized descriptively.
Result: Before education, 27 participants (90.0%) had poor knowledge and 3 (10.0%) had moderate knowledge, with a mean score of 4.60 and a median of 5. After education, 28 participants (93.3%) had good knowledge and 2 (6.7%) had moderate knowledge, with a mean score of 8.70 and a median of 9. Eighteen participants (60.0%) were adherent and 12 (40.0%) were moderately adherent; none were non-adherent.
Conclusion: Multimodal education using ASD supported improved knowledge and satisfactory adherence. ASD can be integrated as an adjunct to routine preoperative education with repeated confirmation of fasting instructions.
Unduhan
Referensi
Almutary, H. (2024). Preoperative patient education: Perceptions and actual practice among nurses working in surgical units. SAGE Open Nursing, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608231226090
Alshurtan, K. S., Elsaid, R. M., Alabdulaali, A. K., Alanazi, W. F., & Alruwaili, R. F. (2023). Community's knowledge and attitude of pre-operative fasting in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2022. Signa Vitae, 19(6), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.22514/sv.2023.106
American Society of Anesthesiologists. (2017). Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Anesthesiology, 126(3), 376-393. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001452
American Society of Anesthesiologists. (2023). 2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists practice guidelines for preoperative fasting: Carbohydrate-containing clear liquids with or without protein, chewing gum, and pediatric fasting duration. Anesthesiology, 138(2), 132-151. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004381
Aroni, P., Fonseca, L. F., Ciol, M. A., Margatho, A. S., & Galvao, C. M. (2020). The use of mentholated popsicle to reduce thirst during preoperative fasting: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(5-6), 840-851. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15138
Abebe, W. A., Rukewe, A., Bekele, N. A., Stoffel, M., Dichabeng, M. N., & Shifa, J. Z. (2016). Preoperative fasting times in elective surgical patients at a referral hospital in Botswana. Pan African Medical Journal, 23, 102. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.23.102.8863
Aguilar-Nascimento, J. E., Dias, A. L. A., Dock-Nascimento, D. B., Correia, M. I. T. D., Campos, A. C. L., Portari-Filho, P. E., & Oliveira, S. S. (2014). Actual preoperative fasting time in Brazilian hospitals: The BIGFAST multicenter study. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 10, 107-112. https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S56255
Gunawan, R., Suryani, R. L., & Burhan, A. (2024). Edukasi puasa sebelum tindakan operasi dalam upaya peningkatan pengetahuan pasien di Poli Bedah Rumah Sakit Islam Purwokerto. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(2), 102-112.
Hamran. (2022). Gambaran kepatuhan pasien praoperasi dalam menjalankan puasa di RSU AT-Medika Kota Palopo [Karya ilmiah tidak dipublikasikan].
Jia, H., He, E., Gao, S., Hao, W., Li, Y., Liu, W., Chen, X., Jia, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents and volume in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: A prospective observational study. Scientific Reports, 13, 2577. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29893-2
Marsman, M., Kappen, T. H., Vernooij, L. M., van der Hout, E. C., van Waes, J. A. R., & Kalkman, C. J. (2023). Association of a liberal fasting policy of clear fluids before surgery with fasting duration and patient well-being and safety. JAMA Surgery, 158(3), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6901
Mills, G. H. (2018). Respiratory complications of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia, 73(S1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14137
Robinson, M., & Davidson, A. (2014). Aspiration under anaesthesia: Risk assessment and decision-making. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain, 14(4), 171-175. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkt053
Shlobin, N. A., Clark, J. R., Hoffman, S. C., Hopkins, B. S., Kesavabhotla, K., & Dahdaleh, N. S. (2021). Patient education in neurosurgery: Part 2 of a systematic review. World Neurosurgery, 147, 190-201.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.169
Tom, K., & Phang, P. T. (2022). Effectiveness of the video medium to supplement preoperative patient education: A systematic review of the literature. Patient Education and Counseling, 105(7), 1878-1887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2022.01.013
Van de Putte, P., & Perlas, A. (2014). Ultrasound assessment of gastric content and volume. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 113(1), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu151
Walker, H., Thorn, C., & Omundsen, M. (2006). Patients' understanding of pre-operative fasting. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, 34(3), 358-361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0310057X0603400317
Warner, M. A., Meyerhoff, K. L., Warner, M. E., Posner, K. L., Stephens, L., & Domino, K. B. (2021). Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents: A closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology, 135(2), 284-291. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000003831
Wulandari, I. S., Megasari, A. L., Cahyanto, E. B., Mulyani, S., & Musfiroh, M. (2024). Optimalisasi kepatuhan puasa praoperasi melalui Aspiration Simulation Devices dalam upaya pencegahan aspirasi perianestesi. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 8(5), 1-10.
Yilmaz, M., & Celik, M. (2021). The effects of preoperative fasting on patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 36(2), 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.08.011
Zia, F., Cosic, L., Wong, A., & Weinberg, L. (2021). Effects of a short message service by cellular phone to improve compliance with fasting guidelines in patients undergoing elective surgery: A retrospective observational study. BMC Health Services Research, 21, 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-06039-y
Singh, M., Chaudhary, M., Vashistha, A., Kaur, G., & Bansal, T. (2019). A prospective survey on knowledge, attitude and current practices of pre-operative fasting amongst anaesthesiologists: A nationwide survey. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 63(5), 350-355. https://doi.org/10.4103/ija.IJA_50_19
Iqbal, U., Green, J. B., Patel, S., Tong, Y., Zebrower, M., Kaye, A. D., & Urman, R. D. (2019). Preoperative patient preparation in enhanced recovery pathways. Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology, 35(Suppl 1), S14-S23. https://doi.org/10.4103/joacp.JOACP_54_18
Bisinotto, F. M. B., Silveira, L. A. M., & Martins, L. B. (2023). A way forward in pulmonary aspiration incidence reduction: Ultrasound, mathematics, and worldwide data collection. Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology, 73(3), 301-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.05.004
Mokry, J., & Mokra, D. (2022). Aspiration syndromes and associated lung injury: Incidence, pathophysiology and management. Respiratory Medicine, 185, 106485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106485
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Nizham Ghifari, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Budi Joko Santoso
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
